Primary production and specifications

An oil and gas refinery is a complex facility that processes crude oil and natural gas into various petroleum products. The primary production of an oil and gas refinery includes a range of products that cater to different industries and applications. In this article, we will discuss the primary production and specifications of an oil and gas refinery based on the following attributes:

Aromatic hydrocarbons
These are unsaturated hydrocarbons that contain one or more rings of six carbon atoms. Aromatic hydrocarbons are used as solvents, intermediates, and fuels. Specifications:
- Benzene: 99.9% purity
- Toluene: 99.5% purity
- Xylene: 99.5% purity

Unleaded gasoline
A refined product used as fuel for vehicles. Specifications:
- Octane rating: 87-98
- Sulfur content: 10 ppm (max)
- Density: 0.72-0.77 g/cm³

Kerosene
A refined product used as fuel for heating, lighting, and cooking. Specifications:
- Sulfur content: 0.1% (max)
- Density: 0.78-0.82 g/cm³
- Flash point: 38-55°C

Fuel oil
A refined product used as fuel for industrial and commercial applications. Specifications:
- Sulfur content: 1% (max)
- Density: 0.90-0.99 g/cm³
- Viscosity: 150-400 cSt

Marine fuel
A refined product used as fuel for ships and boats. Specifications:
- Sulfur content: 3.5% (max)
- Density: 0.95-1.05 g/cm³
- Viscosity: 200-600 cSt

Liquefied anhydrous ammonia
A refined product used as a fertilizer and industrial chemical. Specifications:
- Purity: 99.5% (min)
- Moisture content: 0.5% (max)
- Pressure: 10-20 bar

Diesel fuel
A refined product used as fuel for vehicles and industrial applications. Specifications:
- Sulfur content: 10 ppm (max)
- Density: 0.82-0.86 g/cm³
- Cetane number: 45-55

Oxygen
A refined product used as a medical gas and industrial chemical. Specifications:
- Purity: 99.5% (min)
- Pressure: 10-20 bar

Technical sulfur
A refined product used as a fertilizer and industrial chemical. Specifications:
- Purity: 99.5% (min)
- Moisture content: 0.5% (max)

Liquefied gases
A refined product used as a fuel and industrial chemical. Specifications:
- Propane: 99.5% (min)
- Butane: 99.5% (min)
- Pressure: 10-20 bar

In conclusion, an oil and gas refinery produces a wide range of petroleum products with varying specifications. Understanding these specifications is crucial for ensuring the quality and safety of the products. The attributes listed above provide a comprehensive overview of the primary production and specifications of an oil and gas refinery.